Anales de Pediatria 98 (2023)373-383analesdepediatria为www.analesdepediatria.orgSPANISH ASSOCIATION OF PAEDIATRICSNutrition in congenital heart disease:consensusdocumentFernando Centeno-Malfaza,Ana Morais-Lopezb,Ana Caro-Barri,Luis Pena-Quintanad,Nuria Gil-Villanuevae,Susana Redecillas-Ferreiro',Sonia Marcos-Alonso,Ignacio Ros-Arnal,Maria Angeles Tejero',Cesar Sanchez Sanchez,Rosaura Leisk.*Servicio de Pediatria Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega,Servicio Pediatria Hospital Recoletas Campogrande,Valladolid,SpainbUnidad de Nutricion Infantil y Enfermedades Metabolicas,Hospital Universitario La Paz,Madrid,SpainInstituto Pedidtrico del Corazon,Servicio de Pediatria,Hospital 12 de Octubre,Madrid,SpainSeccion Gastroenterologia,Hepatologia y Nutricion Pedidtrica,Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil deLas Palmas,Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,Spaine Cardiologia Infantil,Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon,Madrid,SpainUnidad de Gastroenterologia y Soporte Nutricional Pedidtrico,Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron,Barcelona,Spains Unidad de Cardiologia Infantil,Servicio de Pediatria,Hospital Materno Infantil de A Coruna,A Corufia,Spainh Unidad de Gastroenterologia y Nutricion Pediatrica,Hospital Miguel Servet,Zaragoza,SpainiCardiologia Pedidtrica,Unidad de Gestion Clinica(UGC)de Pediatria,Hospital Regional Universitario Reina Sofia,Cordoba,SpainServicio de Digestivo,Hepatologiay Nutricion Infantil,Hospital Materno Infantil,Hospital General Universitario GregorioMaranon,Madrid,SpainUnidad de Gastroenterologia,Hepatologia y Nutricion Pedidtrica,Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago,Santiago deCompostela,A Coruna,SpainReceived 3 February 2023;accepted 28 February 2023Available online 1 May 2023KEYWORDSAbstractCongenital heartIntroduction:The prevalence of malnutrition among infants with congenital heart disease (CHD)defects;is high.Early nutritional assessment and intervention contribute significantly to its treatmentNutritionaland improve outcomes.Our objective was to develop a consensus document for the nutritionalassessment;assessment and management of infants with CHD.Nutritional status;Material and methods:We employed a modified Delphi technique.Based on the literature andNutrition therapy;clinical experience,a scientific committee prepared a list of statements that addressed theNutritional support;referral to paediatric nutrition units(PNUs),assessment,and nutritional management of infantsNutrition disorders;with CHD.Specialists in paediatric cardiology and paediatric gastroenterology and nutritionDelphi techniqueevaluated the questionnaire in 2 rounds.Corresponding author.E-mail address:mariarosaura.leis@usc.es (R.Leis).2341-2879/2023 Asociacion Espanola de Pediatria.Published by Elsevier Espana,S.LU.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-NDlicense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
