ARTICLE IN PRESSMODELJournal of the Formosan Medical Association xxx (xxxx)xxxAvailable online at www.sciencedirect.comScienceDirect澳journal homepage:www.jfma-online.comReview ArticleTreatment of primary aldosteronism:Clinical practice guidelines of the TaiwanSociety of AldosteronismChi-Shin Tseng2,Chieh-Kai Chan bC,Hsiang-Ying Lee dChien-Ting Pan e,Kang-Yung Peng 'Shuo-Meng Wang a,Kuo-How Huang2,Yao-Chou Tsai Vin-Cent Wu,Jeff S.Chueha*on behalf of TAIPAI Study Grouph,1a Department of Urology,National Taiwan University Hospital,Taipei,TaiwanbDepartment of Internal Medicine,National Taiwan University Hospital,Hsin-Chu Branch,Hsin-ChuCity,TaiwanDepartment of Internal Medicine,National Taiwan University Hospital,Taipei,TaiwanDepartment of Urology,Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital,Kaohsiung,Taiwane Division of Cardiology,Department of Internal Medicine,National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-LinBranch,Yun-Lin County,TaiwanDivision of Nephrology,Department of Internal Medicine,National Taiwan University Hospital,Taipei,Taiwans Department of Urology,Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital,New Taipei City,Taiwanh Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation(TAIPAl)Study Group,Taipei,100225,TaiwanReceived 22 March 2023;received in revised form 24 May 2023;accepted 29 May 2023KEYWORDSPrimary aldosteronism (PA)is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and one ofPrimarythe few medical diseases that can be cured by surgery.Excessive aldosterone secretion is high-aldosteronism;ly associated with cardiovascular complications.Mamy studies have shown that patients withAdrenalectomy;unilateral PA treated with surgery have better survival,cardiovascular,clinical,and biochem-Hypertension;ical outcomes than those who receive medical treatment.Consequently,laparoscopic adrenal-Hypokalemiaectomy is the gold standard for treating unilateral PA.Surgical methods should beindividualized according to the patient's tumor size,body shape,surgical history,wound con-siderations,and surgeon's experience.Surgery can be performed through a transperitoneal orretroperitoneal approach,and via a single-port or multi-port laparoscopic approach.However,total or partial adrenalectomy remains controversial in treating unilateral PA.Partial excisionwill not completely eradicate the disease and is prone to recurrence.Mineralocorticoid recep-tor antagonists should be considered for patients with bilateral PA or patients who cannotCorresponding author.E-mail address:jeffchueh@gmail.com (J.S.Chueh).Membership of the TAIPAI Study Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.https:/1doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2023.05.0320929-6646/Copyright2023,Formosan Medical Association.Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.This is an open access article under the CCBY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Please cite this article as:C.-S.Tseng,C.-K.Chan,H.-Y.Lee et al.,Treatment of primary aldosteronism:Clinical practice guidelines ofthe Taiwan Society of Aldosteronism,Journal of the Formosan Medic
