2023年临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志37卷6期J Clin Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg(China)*403·指南与共识·婴幼儿喉气道结构异常评估的专家共识中国医师协会儿科医师分会儿童耳鼻咽喉专业委员会[摘要]婴幼儿喉气道结构异常的患者在临床上表现为喘鸣、呛咳、声音嘶哑、喂养困难、间歇性青紫,以及部分患儿呼吸道梗阻导致重度的呼吸困难,甚至死亡,随之出现生长发有缓慢等健康间题,如何早期诊断与评估是儿童耳鼻喉科医生在临床上面对的极为棘手的间题。中国医师协会儿科医师分会儿童耳鼻咽喉专业委员会联合全国多家国家或区域儿童医疗中心讨论拟定评估共识,从症状学、客观检查等方面制定出了儿童气道结构异常的评估诊断方案,为临床规范化诊疗提供指导性意见,[关键词]婴幼儿:喉气道结构异常:喉软化症:喉跳:喉裂:声门下狭窄:评估D0I:10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.202306001[中图分类号]R72[文献标志码]AConsensus recommendations on the evaluation and treatment oflaryngotracheal anomalies in infants and young childrenOtolaryngology Professional Com mittee,Pediatrician Branch,Chinese Medical Doctor AssociationCorresponding author:XU Zhengmin,Department of Otolaryngology,Children's Hospital ofFudan Universiy,Shanghai,201102,China,E-mail:13916320945@163 comAbstract Infants with laryngotracheal anomalies are clinically manifested as stridor or noisy breat hing,cho-king,hoarseness,feeding difficulties,and cyanotic spells,followed by developmental and growth retardation andother health issues:in severe cases,patients may present with severe dyspnea,which is associated with high mor-tality.A timely diagnosis as well as appropriate strategy for laryngotracheal anomalies is still challenging for pedi-atric otolaryngologists.This consensus statement,evolved from expert opinion by the members of the PediatricOtorhinolaryngology Professional Committee of the Pediatrician Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Associa-tion,provides comprehensive recommendations and standardized guidance for otolaryngologists who manage infants and young children with laryngotracheal anomalies in evaluation and treatment based on symptomatology,physical and laboratory examinations.Key words infants and young children:laryngotracheal anomalies:laryngomalacia:laryngeal webs:larynge-al clefts:subglottic stenosis:evaluation先天性喉气道结构异常包括喉软化症、喉裂、估,以便及时早期干预治疗,降低死亡率,使患儿得喉蹼以及声门下狭窄,往往是多发畸形,发病率约到健康的发展。为1.17%],多在婴幼儿期(0~3岁)出现症状,中国医师协会儿科医师分会儿童耳鼻咽喉专其中42%在出生时就伴有不同程度的症状,如喘业委员会基于国内外对该疾病诊断的近期文献报鸣、呛咳、声音嘶哑、喂养困难、间歇性青紫,以及部道和儿童耳鼻咽喉科资深专家的临床经验,组织撰分患儿呼吸道梗阻导致重度的呼吸困难,甚至死写“婴幼儿喉气道结构异常评估的专家共识”,该共亡,随之出现生长发育缓慢等健康问题,如何早期识阐述了儿童喉气道结构异常(0~3岁)如何早期诊断与评估是儿童耳鼻喉科医生在临床上面对的规范性、系统性进行评估,完善了评估的方法,以便极为棘手的问题。国内外文献查阅报道,针对婴幼于及时地精准干预治疗,为儿科、儿童耳鼻咽喉科、儿期先天性喉气道异常的诊断评估尚无统一的标基层全科医生提供相应的指导性建议。准,仅有一些单一疾病的诊断评估「3可。因此,迫切对于气道异常的早期评估主要包括主观症状需要有一规范性、系统性的对该疾病制定出早期评学评估和客观检查评估。估方法,特别是对婴幼儿多发喉气道结构异常的评通信作者:许政款,回家儿童医学中心复旦大学附属儿科医院耳鼻咽喉头颤外科,上海,201102,Emil:13916320945@163c0m引用本文:中国医师协会儿科医师分会儿童耳鼻咽喉专业委员会.婴幼儿喉气道结构异常评估的专家共识[J门.临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2023,37(6):403-408D01:1013201/j.issn.2096-79932023.06001.