2023ISUOG实践指南：胎儿心脏筛查（更新版）(1)

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023:61:788-803Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com).DOI:10.1002/uog.26224.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits use,distribution andreproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited.9isuogGUIDELINESISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated):fetal cardiac screeningClinical Standards CommitteeCongenital heart disease (CHD)has a prevalence of8.2 per 1000 live births and is a leading cause of infantThe International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetricsmorbidity and mortality?.Prenatal diagnosis can improveand Gynecology (ISUOG)is a scientific organizationbirth outcome prior to intervention,particularly forthat encourages sound clinical practice and high-qualitycertain types of cardiac lesion-15.Prenatal awarenessteaching and research related to diagnostic imagingin women's healthcare.The ISUOG Clinical Standardsof CHD and parental education allow preparation forCommittee (CSC)has a remit to develop Practicethe birth of a neonate that will require specializedGuidelines and Consensus Statements as educationalcare and services.The impact of prenatal diagnosismay also be relevant to long-term neurodevelopmentalrecommendations that provide healthcare practitionersoutcome16,17 and it maximizes options for the family.with a consensus-based approach,from experts,fordiagnostic imaging.They are intended to reflect whatHowever,prenatal detection rates vary widely in differentis considered by ISUOG to be the best practice at the timegeographic regions and for various types of CHD,withat which they are issued.Although ISUOG has made everyfewer than one half of cardiac anomalies being identifiedbefore birth7,18.19.Some variation can be attributed toeffort to ensure that Guidelines are accurate when issued,neither the Society nor any of its employees or membersdifferences in examiner ability,transducer frequency,accepts liability for the consequences of any inaccurate orpatient body habitus,abdominal scars,gestational age,amniotic fluid volume and fetal position20-23.Continuousmisleading data,opinions or statements issued by the CSCThe ISUOG CSC documents are not intended to establishfeedback-based training of healthcare professionals,aa legal standard of care,because interpretation of thelow threshold for echocardiography referrals,use ofevidence that underpins the Guidelines may be influencedstandardized ultrasound protocols and easy access toby individual circumstances,local protocol and availablefetal-heart specialists can improve the performance ofresources.Approved Guidelines can be distributed freelya screening program1424-26with the permission of ISUOG (info@isuog.org).Details of the grades of recommendation and levelsof evidence used in ISUOG Guidelines are given inAppendix 2.INTRODUCTIONEffective fetal cardiac screening should maximize detec-GENERAL CONSIDERATIONStion of structural anomalies and (according to availableexp