半椎体所致早发先天性脊柱侧凸围手术期护理中国专家共识

398《中华骨与关节外科杂志》2023年5月第16卷第5期Chin J Bone Joint Surg,VoL16,No.5,May 2023·专家共识·半椎体所致早发先天性脊柱侧凸围手术期护理中国专家共识中华护理学会骨科护理专业委员会【摘要】先天性脊柱侧凸是目前我回最常见的早发性脊柱侧凸。作为形成障碍型的一种，半椎体是先天性脊柱侧凸最常见的病因。半椎体所致的、保守治疗无效的进展性畸形需手术治疗。与其他类型的早发性脊柱侧凸相比，半椎体所致的先天性脊柱侧凸的手术治疗、围手术期护理具有其独特性。为进一步规范半椎体所致早发先天性脊柱侧凸的围手术期护理，经全国护理专家组多次讨论，在循证医学的基础上，针对半椎体所致早发先天性脊柱侧凸围手术期护理达成本共识，供广大护理工作者参考和应用。【关键词】早发先天性脊柱侧凸；半椎体；圆手术期护理；专家共识【中图分类号】R687.3:R473.6【文章编号】2095-9958(2023)05-0398-10【文献标志码】AD0t10.3969/i.issn.2095-9958.2023.05.02Chinese expert consensus on perioperative nursing for early-onset congenital scoliosiscaused by hemivertebraeOrthopaedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing AssociationCorresponding Author:CHEN Yaping[Abstract]Congenital scoliosis is the most common early-onset scoliosis in China.As one type of formation failures,hemivertebra isthe most common morphological type of congenital scoliosis.Surgery is indicated for progressive early-onset congenital scoliosiscaused by hemivertebrae when conservative treatment had failed.There are some unique characteristics in the surgeries andperioperative nursing in patients with hemivertebrae.Based on the evidence-based medicine,and after several discussions by nursingexperts in China,the consensus has been reached on the perioperative nursing of early-onset congenital scoliosis caused byhemivertebrae,which could aid nurses chose appropriate perioperative care for these patients.[Key words]Early-onset Congenital Scoliosis;Hemivertebrae;Perioperative Nursing;Expert Consensus早发性脊柱侧凸(early-onset scoliosis,.EOS)是存在独特的护理风险与难点。本共识邀请国内相关指10岁以下诊断的、各种原因导致的脊柱侧凸。进领域的护理专家，针对半椎体所致早发先天性脊柱展性EOS会随着患儿身高的增长而逐渐加重，导致侧凸围手术期的护理相关内容进行充分的证据整合严重畸形的同时，会对患儿胸廓和肺的发育产生不和专家讨论，最终形成本共识，供临床工作参考。良影响，最终影响患儿的呼吸功能，严重者可导致胸1半椎体所致进展性早发先天性脊柱侧凸的廓发育不良综合征，影响寿命。因此，对于进展性EOS应早期进行干预。先天性脊柱侧凸是我国最常手术治疗见的EOS,半椎体所致畸形可占到先天性脊柱侧凸本共识主要讨论的手术治疗是对半椎体自然史的50%。半椎体所致进展性先天性脊柱侧凸的保守进行准确判断，并在患儿早期原发畸形不严重、代偿治疗效果不佳，应予及时、有效的手术干预。与其他畸形尚未产生或轻微时予以预防性手术，以最小的类型EOS相比，半椎体所致早发先天性脊柱侧凸的代价与风险达到控制、矫正畸形的目的。而不是手术治疗与相应的围手术期护理具有不同的特点，采用复杂的手术矫正那些未得到及时治疗的半椎体【基金项目】中央高水平医院临床科研业务费资助(2022-PUMCH-B-130):中华护理学会科研课题(ZHKYQ.202106):北京协和医院护理部科研课题(XHHLKY202107)【通信作者】陈亚萍，E-mail:18612672357@139.com【引用格式】中华护理学会骨科护理专业委员会.半椎体所致早发先天性脊柱侧凸围手术期护理中国专家共识.中华骨与关节外科杂志，2023，16(5):398407.