中国人兽共患病学报2023,39(3)Chinese Journal of Zoonoses205D01:10.3969/j.is9n.1002-26942023.00016·专家共识·分枝杆菌菌种中文译名专家共识中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所，中国防痨协会人兽共惑结核病专业分会摘要：分枝杆菌是一大类苹兰氏阳性、杆状、抗酸染色阳性的细菌，包含请如结核分枝杆菌等很多重要的危害人类健康的病原菌。2018年分枝杆菌分类学发生了重大变革，将分枝杆菌属拆分为分枝杆菌属及4个新的属，2018一2022年新鉴定出34个菌种。为使从事结核病防治的工作者及基础研究人员对照了解新命名的变化，同时也为99个尚无中文译名的菌种确定规范的中文名称，中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所及中国防痨协会人普共患结核病专业分会组织业内专家，通过资料查询、专家研讨的方式，在既有中文译名专家共识的基础上，沿用中华医学会结核病学分会制定分枝杆菌菌种中文译名的原则，对分枝杆菌菌种的中文译名进行了补充及更新，并形成本专家共识。关键词：分枝杆菌：译名：命名法则：专家共识中图分类号：Q939.13*1,R37891文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-2694(2023)04-0205-16Expert consensus on the Chinese translation of Mycobacterium nomenclatureNational Institute for Com municable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Centre for Disease Controland Prevention,Zoonotic Tuberculosis Sub-association of Chinese Antituberculosis AssociationAbstract:Mycobacterium is a large group of Gram-positive,rod-shaped,acid-fast staining positive bacteria,includingmany important human pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Major changes in Mycobacterium taxonomy occurred in2018.The genus Mycobacterium was divided into an emended genus Mycobacterium and four novel genera.In addition,34 newspecies were identified in 2018-2022.To help researchers and clinical workers in tuberculosis prevention and control efforts tokeep track of the changes in nomenclature,and to determine the standardized Chinese names for 99 species that have not yetbeen translated into Chinese,the National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention and Zoonotic Tuberculo-sis Subassociation of Chinese Antituberculosis Association organized efforts among experts in this field to conduct data inquiryand discussion.On the basis of the existing expert consensus regarding the Mycobacterium Chinese translation nomenclature,and existing principles of translation,this consensus has been forms with supplement and update of the Chinese translations ofMycobacterium nomenclature.Keywords:Mycobacterium:Chinese translation:international code of nomenclature:expert consensusCorresponding author:Wang Rui-bai,Email:wangruibai@icdc.cn前言基因组学(Phylogenomics)的数据，分枝杆菌属通常分枝杆菌是一大类革兰氏阳性、杆状、抗酸染色被划分为快速生长型和慢速生长型]，之后又被进阳性的细菌，l896年首次由Lehmann和Neumann一步划分为独特的复合群(Complexes)或群根据结核分枝杆菌(Aycobacterium tuberculosis)的(Groups)。分枝杆菌中有很多对人类致病的病原主要特征命名四。分枝杆菌属于陆生细菌放线菌门菌，如最著名的结核分枝杆菌和麻风分枝杆菌，两者放线菌纲棒状杆菌目分枝杆菌科Terrabacteria分别引发人的结核病和麻风病。分枝杆菌生存在各group (clade)/Actinobacteria (phylum)/Actino-种环境中，包括水体、土壤和金属加工液等可。截mycetia (class)/Corynebacteriales (order)/Myco-止2017年底，已有259种分枝杆菌菌种及亚种，但bacteriaceae(family))。根据表型特征及种系进化仅有部分有中文译名。同时，由于国内缺乏统一的分枝杆菌菌种的中文译名原则，已有中文译名的分通信作者：王瑞自，Emal:wangruib@icdc.m:枝杆菌也存在译名不规范的情况。为改变分枝杆菌0RCID:0000-0002-2258-3599中文和拉丁文名称混用的状况，规范同义中文菌种
