▣▣《中●痛盛◆嘉》2023年第33卷第4期CHINA ONCOLOGY 2023 Vol.33 No.4欢迎关注本刊公众号403·指南与共识·中国抗癌协会多原发和不明原发肿瘤诊治指南(2023年版)中国抗癌协会多原发和不明原发肿瘤专业委员会[摘要]原发灶不明肿瘤(cancer of unknown primary,CUP)和多原发肿瘤(cancer of multiple primaries,CMP),因其临床异质性高、发病率低、循证医学证据的相对匮乏及临床疾病认识的相对局限,目前诊疗仍面临巨大挑战。随着对疾病影像学、病理学、基因特点等认识的不断深人,多学科的协作和发展,以及分子靶向治疗和免疫治疗的针对性探索正在不断地更新对这部分患者治疗的理念和手段。本指南的制定旨在为临床工作者提供CUP和CMP患者诊疗的原则和纲要,为患者提供从诊断、治疗到康复的全流程规范化指导。[关键词]原发灶不明肿瘤:多原发肿瘤:诊断;治疗:指南中图分类号:R730文献标志码:ADO:10.19401.cnki.1007-3639.2023.04.011China Anti-Cancer Association guideline for diagnosis and treatment of cancer of multiple and unknownprimaries(2023 edition)Society of Cancer of Multiple and Unknown Primary of China Anti-Cancer AssociationCorrespondence to:HU Xichun,E-mail:xchu2009@hotmail.com;LU Jianwei,E-mail:lujw@medmail.com.cn.[Abstract]Cancer of unknown primary (CUP)and cancer of multiple primaries (CMP)are two groups of neoplasm with highheterogeneity,low incidence,limited clinical knowledge and evidence.The diagnosis and treatment of patients with CUP and CMP ischallenging With the progress in the radiology,pathology and genetic features of these diseases,the cooperation and development ofmulti-disciplinary treatment,along with the investigation of targeted and immunology treatment have updated the treatment of thesepatients.We intended to guide the diagnosis and treatment of patients with CUP and CMP through this guideline,providing standardguidance for the overall management of patients.[Keywords]Cancer of unknown primary;Cancer of multiple primaries;Diagnosis;Treatment;Guideline广泛转移致使原发灶难以辨认,肿瘤播散方式原发灶不明肿瘤特殊,原发灶太小,原发灶自发消退等。即使尸检,仍有20%~50%的受检者找不到原发灶。1原发灶不明肿瘤的诊疗总则由于CUP的发病率低、异质性强,循证医学证据1.1概述的相对匮乏及临床工作者对疾病认识的相对局原发灶不明肿瘤(cancer of unknown限,CUP的诊疗存在巨大挑战,本指南的制定和primary,CUP),也称原发不明肿瘤、不明原发布旨在为CUP患者诊疗提供整体思路和规范化发肿瘤、隐匿性XX癌,是指转移灶经病理学检导向,以期提高CUP患者的诊疗效率和水平。事查确诊为恶性肿瘤,而治疗前经过详细病史询实上,CUP患者预后较差,文献报道中位生存期问、体检和各项检查均未能明确其原发病灶。仅为2~12个月,因此早期、高效诊断以及针对原发灶不明的原因可能有:检测手段尚不够充性的治疗对提高这部分患者的生存率有重要价分,病理组织采样不足,原发灶已去除,肿瘤值。在诊断方面,任何可能提示原发灶的蛛丝马通信作者:胡夕春(ORCID:0000-0002-9892-699X),主任医师.复旦大学附属肿瘤医院大内科主任,E-mal:xchu2009 @hotmail..com:陆建伟(0RCD:0000-0002-8258-4059),主任医师,江苏省片瘤医院内科主任,Emal:l山w@medmail.com.cm。(C)1994-2023 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.http://www.cnki.net